��ҹ��Ʒ����������1��2��,���߹ۿ���ʪ��Ƶ���� //15crmoghjg.cn Fri, 22 Jun 2018 01:44:09 +0000 zh-CN hourly 1 //wordpress.org/?v=6.1.5 //15crmoghjg.cn/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/favicon.png ��ҹ��Ʒ����������1��2��,���߹ۿ���ʪ��Ƶ���� //15crmoghjg.cn 32 32 ��ҹ��Ʒ����������1��2��,���߹ۿ���ʪ��Ƶ���� //15crmoghjg.cn/archives/258 //15crmoghjg.cn/archives/258#respond Fri, 22 Jun 2018 01:35:00 +0000 //15crmoghjg.cn/?p=258 二甲Z醇胺(er),N,N-二甲Z醇胺(er),DMEA,108-01-0

目前Q我(duo)(qie)(qie)从(bang)(bang)(yu)烯酸(suo)料(lian)(lian)(qi)(qi)(qi)的单(huan)有很多(yue)Ӟ(lian)(lian)(qi)(qi)(qi)的项目有(juan)百(juan)。(ta)(ta)q(cun)Q我(duo)(qie)(qie)的(qing)(qing)水(cun)电x(chong)技术已得(yu)(bang)(bang)很大发展，()|(dian)漆已在我(duo)(qie)(qie)大(juan)铝加工行(wu)(gu)得(yu)大面U的(qing)(qing)推广(qian)(qi)(qi)(qi)(ke)(mo)(xiao)影响(chen)(suo)(ta)(ta)性能的因()素也(mei)(huan)了较深入的(qing)(qing)(lian)(lian)(qi)(qi)(qi)(mo)(xiao)Ӟ(zha)光()|(dian)漆、(huo)(quan)()|(dian)漆、(huo)色(cha)泳都相得(yu)(qian)(qi)(qi)(qi)(ke)(mo)(ta)(ta)表明(juan)烯酸涂料工(juan)的(qing)(qing)技术水q_我国得(yu)q速提(zha)?/span>

1水(cun)电(shu)x

甉|(chao)(chao)漆以(hu)(hu)(pin)性低溶(duo)合成Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(shen)新(ban)(yi)的低污染(mo)(quan)(yan)(yan)能源(zan)(mo)(quan)(yan)(yan)资源(zan)(mo)v(huan)(chu)护和(nin)(qu)腐蚀(hao)的(qing)(qing)涂(yong)(yong)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(han)有涂膜^_(ren)耐(qi)(hao)和(nin)耐化(yi)学性好{特(kai)点(gui)(ren)(yue)Ҏ(yue)(tong)涂(ta)工业(gu)的机械(ban)(yi)和自(e)化(yi)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)适合(hao)形状(chan)杂Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(shen)边缘p(mo)孔I工(fa)件涂装，(ren)目前(ju)(ju)大量(gan)(pai)用于(yu)合(hao)金徏{铝型材(mo)汽(ben)车、机c家늭五金件的(qing)(qing)涂(ta)(mo)(yao)x料及涂(ta)法在20(juan)(juan)纪60q(qian)代后(zhi)得工(fa)(juan)(juan)应(pai)用，(ren)采(yun)(ke)甉|(chao)(chao)涂(yong)(yong)可以(hu)(hu)q行(wei)封闭@环系l(zi)运行，(ren)涂(yong)(yong)几乎()98%利用(ke)(mo)(yao)x膜(chu)(hu)(hu)(pin)溶(hao)或(pin)分散性离子型(yi)聚合(hao)物ؓ成(song)(wan)物，(ren)(ju)(ju)涂工g(huan)可以(hu)(hu)是阳(man)也可以(hu)(hu)(huan)(chu)ؓ(qu)极(mo)?/span>

1.1甉|涂漆(sha)l(zi)构(ying)

甉|涂漆(juan)要成分包括(juan)烯酸树(wei)脂、(heng)(chan)氰胺树(wei)?作(chu)ؓ(fu)(juan)烯酸树(wei)脂交(chan)剂)、(heng)(fu)和(han)、(gui)(han)(han)剂A、(gui)(han)(han)剂B以及ȝ子水(an){(jiang)?/span>

1.2丙烯(yan)树脂：(xi)

1.2.1供水(cun)(han)性和(ba)交化反的功(jian)(jie)?/span>

1.2.2提供(yue)属(chen)面防(cha)、耐候性D的漆(cang)?/span>

1.2.3提漆(wu)软硬度。（x软性和(chen)面(kui)度(hai)Q?/span>

能提()供这些性能p求丙烯酸(mie)树(kui)(kui)(gang)(gang)(wei)h一定的(qing)分子量，微粒(lu)状(duo)(qing)(chan)(chan)小(he)(bian)树(kui)(kui)(gang)(gang)的(fan)子的(qing)(chan)(chan)小(he)Q(ben)(ben)(han)子(huang)一般在30000?0000。分子(huang)(chan)(chan)低Q(ben)(ben)(han)单体聚合小(he)Q(ben)(ben)(han)能团(cen)小(he)Q(ben)(ben)会产生(duo)以上功能团不的(qing)现(ban)(bo)?/span>

1.3(juan)和剂：(bang)甲(nuo)Z醇胺(er)或三乙胺(er)。因(juan)Z烯酸(lian)n(juan)(ao)(lian)水(an)溶性，所以必d(bian)生中(xia)反应之(yang)才(bang)生(duo)(pin)溶(han)?/span>

1.4溶(duo)(qiang)A(xia)(shen)剂B

溶剂AQ(ben)(yun)v漆液分散(xia)(xia)消(zhi)(ping)作用，溶剂BQ(ben)(yun)v溶解树脂(mo)(gui)润、(gui)q的作用(mo)溶剂A(ning)h很(guo)的挥发性，需通(yun)(e)漆(sha)(xi)(jian)接补(e)，补加(yue)(yue)与生(cuan)(hai)(yue)(yue)?450m?/?关系(xia)(xia)固体䆾(zha)低的关p(fei)：

1.4.1生产量?00t/月，原漆含有20%(jing)(duo)(qiang)Q需(ying)补加挥发(fa)部分Q按(ning)生量添?0.5kg/t)Q?/span>

生(hai)(hai)产量?00t/月，需补加(ji)Q按生(hai)(hai)量?1.0kg/t)

生产量?00t/月，(an)补加(ji)Q按(ning)生(yue)(qi)?2.0kg/t)

1.4.2(luo)Ҏ(kan)漆液固体䆾溶剂的控(dai)制范(qie)如下表Q?/span>

000

 

(ping)：()气相(ge)׃A验(bi)?各(qiao)应(you)(zhe)剂量有所(ji)不同)

1.4.3(jing)剂A和溶(ji)B(jin)的相互作()与(chen)wQ?/span>

一般溶剂A要比溶剂B(chan)?.15(de)?.2%Q其怺作用为：

1.4.3.1(jing)(duo)(qiang)A通过(jing)(duo)(qiang)B(fei)(fei)湿(gu)(suo)作()(())把()(())|q程(juan)所(bang)生(duo)(fei)(fei)气泡(fu)?如带(fu)出效果不好，׃(bian)(bang)生(duo)气(chang)D(luan)留Q针(ying)、凹(pin)坑）Q?/span>

1.4.3.2(jing)剂B通过(jing)剂A的分(ke)(suo)作用把(e)树脂分子更加均(jiong)地(ban)(ke)(suo)于(pin)中Q这样一(cun)来上()膜(weng)(pi)(chen)性大大提()高；

1.4.3.3溶A(juan)溶剂B(wei)同构成(juan)(juan)理(luo)(chong)甉|(chen)作状态?/span>

1.4.4(jing)剂A(juan)溶剂B(juan)匹配所产生的问(lai)(chui)：

1.4.4.1如溶剂A，(jing)剂B高(shu)(bang)(bang)生(jie)膜(wan)(jing)解Q(ben)特征是(jie)膜(wan)表面(kui)(bang)(bang)生麻面(kui)Q(ben)没有(sui)(ping)；(fu)

1.4.4.2(ru)果溶(duo)(duo)B，溶(duo)(duo)A多，会(hai)生(jian)(wu)q(qian)x变差，沥干(gong)(zu)漆膜不(zhen)Ҏ(gui)q(qian)燥Q(ben)(han)会(hai)生(jian)渍(qu)(juan)干(gong)燥痕Q(ben)特别是气温(huan)时会(hai)生失光流(wu)带Q(ben)特征：呈不(zhen)规(fan)(fei)(fan)Ӟ(ji)Q(ben)?/span>

1.4.4.3如果溶剂A(juan)溶(ji)B(jin)(juan)样高Ӟ(e)(ren)(ren)易()沥q时漆膜表层q(ma)于快速干(zan)，(ren)(ren)漆膜底层(pin)分(juan)(cao)跑出来，(ren)(ren)会()干(zan)痕Q?/span>

1.5(jian)(hong)(lu)(qian)：(jian)(hong)(lu)(qian)反(tuan)的(qing)(qing)(tuan)漆膜里所含的(qing)(qing)中和(nin)剂的(qing)(qing)度Q(ben)它与PH值有一定的(qing)(qing)兌(chong)Q(ben)PH(tuan)指(jie)液里的(qing)(qing)游离中和(nin)剂?/span>

1.5.1游离(juan)和剂的(qing)(qing)(si)念(kang)是在电(ping)(beng)E(fu)中Q把(e)(juan)丙(jie)酸树脂(gang)l合的中和剂通过(beng)树脂(gang)分子的沉析而分(ke)解出(pi)来(ren)(ren)所以在生q程(juan)，(ren)(ren)PH会(dong)所升高。胺度(hai)(juan)固体䆾有很大的(qing)(qing)关系Q如果胺度(hai)q低Q需要提升时(juan)和剂()(ren)(ren)其(duo)(he)(ping)ؓQ?/span>

1MEQ=[(hao)L(hui)(suo)的(qing)重量×Z(hong)(xi)（%Q(ben)?01]/100000=Q(ben)kgQ(ben)TEAQ(ben)?/span>

怭h即(chou)(lian)(jian)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)丙烯酸(luo)脂(lian)被(juan)(juan)和(nin)的那部分酸(gao)，(ren)和胺度(wei)同(qian)(man)成(juan)(juan)和(nin)度即(juan)(juan)和(nin)?/span>

中和?Q(ben)胺(er)(xian)度×56.1Q(ben)?Q(ben)酸(mie)L?00Q(ben)?00%

1.5.2(juan)和(nin)(dui)一般要(cha)?5%-70%(mo)在此状(hao)下Q(ben)(ben)(ben)漆膜具有(xiong)常(gao)的丰(suo)度(mo)(xing)满度和(han)(han)(ping)(jie)(bei)(fu)和率()?5%(zu)就没有(xi)上(juan)个优点Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(han)(han)(juan)和(nin)(dui)≥(ao)70%(zu)Ӟ(juan)润(ding)(qian)、(xing)满度很好Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(wu)(jie)膜耐碱(hao)差Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(han)(han)(ping)又(juan)好Q(ben)(ben)(ben)甚至会(xi)造(chuo)(yao)(jie)膜(xi)p(jian)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)原(shi)因(qing)(xi)因ؓ(hong)交化的功(jian)团被破(bei)坏(xi)(jie)膜的(tong)状(duo)构没有Ş(jian)成）(ji)(mo)?/span>

1.5.3影响(juan)和(dui)(yun)另一因素(ti)(ti)酸(xi)P(ren)当酸值大Q(ben)中(fu)和(chu)׃降，(ren)当酸(xi)小时中(fu)和(chu)׃()(ti)(ti)，(ren)对(guang)(juan)和(dui)(yun)()制(bu)Q(ben)与生q(yun)(juan)操作有密切关系Q(ben)其要求(juan)：

1.5.3.1加(chuo)()拌时固体(pu)(juan)能太大Q否则漆的溶解不好(jin)同(shen)加(chuo)时加漆罐(juan)固体(pu)应小(bang)?0%(mo)?/span>

1.5.3.2()拌旉(juan)(juan)能(shi)太长或d(hui)体䆾(juan)(juan)能(shi)太低Q(ben)(ben)否则会产生q分溶解Q(ben)(ben)酸(xi)(feng)了(jian)Q(ben)(ben)()(beng)分溶解还会(ya)(shou)破坏树(wei)脂分子(yao)构的后果(yong)Q(ben)(ben)造成(jie)膜(wan)(yao)酸性差Q(ben)(ben)(shen)拌(shen)(lu)间以30min(juan)(juan)宜Q(ben)(ben)不宜超q?(juan)(juan)小时?/span>

2()|漆应()于(yu)合金型材电(shu)泛_艺分?/span>

2.1()(dian)(nie)(nie)Q(yang)(shu)(shu)(ping)(ping)x装普(hui)遍(zui)(yong)()的(qing)(qing)是定()(dian)(nie)(nie)(ping)(ping)，(ren)(ren)(ren)讑֤相(gao)(ti)(ti)，(ren)(ren)(ren)易于控制(mo)电(shu)(shu)(zha)对(jie)(wu)(wan)(fei)媄(jiang)(yu)(ao)(chan)，(ren)(ren)(ren)(juan)被涂的(qing)(qing)x工g面积(chan)小(mo)槽液温(qian)、两(fu)极间距离(lian)关Q电(shu)(shu)(zha)(nai)高(rao)(ren)(ren)(ren)()|(dian)(chao)(chao)(jie)(wu)(wan)(mian)Q对于难以涂装的(qing)(qing)部位(hong)(hong)相(qian)提高(kui)装能力，(ren)(ren)(ren)~短(lie)施(jie)旉(mo)但(cheng)()(dian)(nie)(nie)q(hui)Q会引v(jie)(wu)(wan)表面_(wo)Q(chu)q(cha)易()“(cang)(fei)”现(pu)。电(shu)(shu)(zha)(nai)低，(ren)(ren)(ren)()解(hong)(hong)(ao)慢，(ren)(ren)(ren)(jie)(wu)(wan)薄而均(chen)Q泳(chao)(chao)透力(qian)差。电(shu)(shu)(zha)(xu)(qing)(qing)选(qun)(han)()(bian)料种cd(hui)施(jie)(xia)求(die){确(yue)。一(cun)(lei)情况(dian)(xiao)Q(chu)(shu)(shu)(zha)与(ya)涂(yong)(fei)固(chan)体(qin)(ke)(hong)(hong)(cong)(sha)温成(hong)(hong)(cao)(shen)Q与(ya)(juan)极间距成(qi)比。铝和铝合(mao)表面(hong)(hong)采(yong)()?0(de)?30VQ(chu)(shu)(shu)(zha)(xu)慢升高(rao)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ti)(ti)(hui)到(ban)(yue)(ya)时(lu)Q或到(ban)(yue)时(lu)间时(lu)Q(lian)(cun)(lei)是2?minQ(qun)()c(dian)?/span>

2.2甉|与时_(xi)

(juan)般在()|工艺(juan)大都采()定()压控制Q因(shu)电是(yi)(wen)(qi)间变(chen)而变(chen)的(qing)(mo)典型的(qing)()|(juan)时间曲U见?-1

铝(se)(ji)甉|(dian)(dian)(chao)甉|(dian)(dian)与时间曲(guang)U(wan)?/span>

111

(qie)?-1

由图可见Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)电(shu)泛_期电(shu)(xian)很(chan)(chan)，(ren)(ren)(huan)很快迅速减(liao)。这(san)是由(ai)于刚通电(shu)Ӟ(ren)(ren)被涂(tong)?工g)(chen)面(kui)(mao)RQ(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)电(shu)(xian)值取决于槽液电(dian)(li)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)()槽液电(shu)M(cun)般不(chan)(chan)，(ren)(ren)(jia)以电(shu)(xian)较高。但(cheng)在电(shu)泌E中(fu)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)涂(tong)料开始在工g(chen)面(kui)沉积(man)出qŞ(jian)成(qi)膜后Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)由(ai)于湿膜是(juan)(ba)含水(cuo)(huan)?5?Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)?(fei)有机涂(tong)膜层Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)电(shu)L(hui)(shen)(cha)大。随着湿膜(fei)(fan)厚，(ren)(ren)电(dian)(li)q速增(chan)(chan)，(ren)(ren)而电(shu)压保持(gui)定时(lu)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)电(shu)(xian)则会迅速随之下(yao)，(ren)(ren)当电(shu)(xian)(heng)(yao)(qiang)(juan)(juan)很的值时(lu)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)()C(gan)涂(tong)膜已停止增(wei)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)此时(duo)厚ؓ(juan)定倹{(jian)?/span>

(juan)(juan)般来(sa)_(da)(ren)(ren)对于每(ren)(cun)(cun)(juan)(juan)给(fu)定电压值V(san)(san)Q(ben)L相对应的(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)膜(wan)厚BQ(ben)所以通过调整()压(nie)(nie)Q(ben)就(hong)以Ҏ(gui)膜的厚(ya)q行控制(bu)。若()压(nie)(nie)g(jian)至一(cun)(cun)(juan)(juan)很值V(san)(san)aQ(ben)出C(jian)(suo)(suo)膜(wan)很薄Q(ben)(chu)(ge)x(chong)(juan)(juan)上()(fei)(tong)(pu)Q(ben)(chu)Va(juan)(juan)Z界(chu)压。电压低(bang)VaӞ(e)(ren)(ren)BQ(ben)?Q(ben)若对已(suo)(suo)上()(suo)(suo)膜(wan)(fei)工(fa)件施加电压，(ren)(ren)q(duo)x(chong)(hui)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)值V(san)(san)bӞ(e)(ren)(ren)(pan)出C(jian)()|骤然增大(fei)(tong)(pu)，(ren)(ren)此时(hong)以认ؓ(suo)(suo)膜(wan)(chen)经被破(bei)坏(ren)(jian)Q(ben)V(li)bUCؓ破坏()压(nie)(nie)Q(ben)也UCؓ湿膜(wan)ȝ()压(nie)(nie)Q(ben)V(li)a和V(li)b是涂料中(fei)一(cun)(cun)(juan)(juan)重要指标，(ren)(ren)当V(ji)a和V(li)bl(zi)定历涂装的(chen)艺()压(nie)(nie)值就(hong)能在Va(huo)Vb范(fu)内选择?/span>

()q(shu)(shu)(shu)(ping)_(chong)(she)应机理可知，(ren)(ren)在电(shu)(shu)(shu)(ping)(chong)E中(fu)(fu)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)阴极上的(fan)(she)应主要有(shi)(juan)(juan)(juan)个Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(wu)(cun)(cun)(tuan)(tuan)电(shu)(shu)(shu)沉积Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)另(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)是()(dian)。电(shu)(shu)(shu)沉积(tuan)(tuan)成膜反(she)应，(ren)(ren)(yao)电(shu)(shu)(shu)解主要是析氧(hong)应Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)所以，(ren)(ren)()|(dian)(dian)(zu)的表现()|(dian)(dian)(wu)应(pi)包括(juan)(juan)(juan)部份：IQ(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)I1(ti)I2。I1(tuan)(tuan)电(shu)(shu)(shu)沉积()|(dian)(dian)(wu)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)I2(tuan)(tuan)电(shu)(shu)(shu)解析(jian)氧电(shu)(shu)(shu)；当给(fu)定一(cun)(cun)(juan)(juan)(juan)电(shu)(shu)(shu)压，(ren)(ren)()|(dian)(dian)(wu)I随时(lu)间变化很(jian)下降到(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)稳定(ya)I(xie)0。此(zu)Ӟ(ren)(ren)膜厚(juan)(juan)(juan)再增加(ji)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(yi)以认(juan)(juan)(juan)I1Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)?Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)注Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(ya)际上此时(lu)()׃湿膜(wan)在溶(han)液(ceng)(fu)(fu)(hong)能(hong)生(ba)(ting)溶(han)解，(ren)(ren)(yao)(wu)()(cuan)(cun)(cun)(juan)(juan)(juan)膜(wan)修补()|(dian)(dian)(wu)I1’Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(wu)(cun)(cun)般说I1’很小Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)(wu)ؓ讨论方便Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)暂(hong)认(juan)(juan)(juan)I1’=0)所以I0I2(见图(wei)l?)(hong)称(cen)ؓE_(chong)()|(dian)(dian)(wu)Q(ben)(ben)(ben)(ben)?/span>

铝材甉|时的(qing)表现甉|(wu)

222

?-2

或剩(yi)余电(xian)(xian)，该电(xian)(xian)反(she)(qian)()氧反(she)(qian)的(qing)强(hong)。(ta)电(xian)(xian)由(ai)高(hua)g降到I0的时(xiang)T1Q(ben)(ben)称(juan)成(cang)(cang)(xiang)_(cen)(xi)(juan)(hong)甉|(dian)(zu)。T1表示甉|(dian)U成(cang)(weng)(she)(qian)的(qing)(kun)(xi)Q(ben)(ben)T1小Q(ben)(ben)电(li)(li)积(kun)度快Q(ben)(ben)T1大Q(ben)(ben)电(li)(li)积(kun)度慢?/span>

I0和T1(ting)是甉|q程(juan)的(juan)个重要(juan)(pian)Q(ben)(han)(xi)是(juan)(juan)多元函(suo)ͼ(ren)(ren)受涂(kou)本w性质、(gui)液温度、PH倹{(quan)(quan)(fen)(jian)、固(huan)(huan)成(yao)(xi)、(quan)(quan)(ge)(nie)_(xi)大和(qian)状的媄响而(han)(chen)。(bei)(cun)般涂(kou)性能(juan)(pian)是无法给(hong)(juan)个(juan)(pian)|(ren)(ren)(huan)(huan)在实(wei)(tai)工艺控制(bu)(juan)，(ren)(ren)通过(beng)(fen)I(I)0和T1的变(chen)(yi)观察Q(ben)(han)判断(he)甉|q程是否正常Q(ben)(han)ƈ通过(beng)l验(bi)和数据的U篏(chuang)Q(ben)作(juan)(hong)(ze)定电泳电压、(gui)(xiang)以及其()(xi)(yi)(suo)(ban)参考依据?/span>

2.3()(())|旉Q(ben)漆膜厚(ru)度随着()(())|旉(fei)(fan)g(xiang)而增加(qing)(ren)(ren)但当(hong)漆膜辑ֈ一定厚(ru)度时(lu)Q(ben)(chu)(hu)lg(xiang)(kua)(lu)(xiang)_(ren)(ren)也不能增加(chai)(ru)度，(ren)(ren)反而会加(chai)(ji)反应；反之Q(ben)(chu)x(chong)(lu)(xiang)(cuo)(beng)短，(ren)(ren)涂层(die)q薄。电x(chong)(lu)(xiang)(cun)(pai)(luo)Ҏ(gui)所()(())的()(())压(nie)(nie)Q(ben)在保(hui)涂层(die)(lu)量(fei)条(xi)下Q(ben)越短越好。一般工(xi)电x(chong)(lu)(xiang)ؓ(fu)(fu)1?(rou)(rou)(qian)(zha)Q(ben)大型工(xi)ؓ(fu)(fu)3?(rou)(rou)(qian)(zha)。如(man)(he)涂物(xi)表面几何Ş(zhong)(duo)(shou)，(ren)(ren)可适当(hong)提高(pei)()(())压(nie)(nie)和g(xiang)(kua)(lu)(xiang)?/span>

2.4槽(jie)(wei)度Q(ben)温(fu)度高Q(ben)(han)黏(gan)(yao)低Q(ben)成(yao)(yao)(yao)(cang)(hao)率快，(ren)(huan)(huan)温(fu)度过高，(ren)(jie)液(juan)稳定(fan)(ren)(jie)(wu)_(wo)Q(ben)有(gui)(dui)(dui)象Q(ben)还会(ya)(bi)h(kou)变(kuang)质；(wei)度(huan)(huan)，(ren)(jie)的水溶性差Q(ben)电沉积量(gan)，(ren)()|(dian)(jie)电沉积量(gan)Q(ben)成(yao)(yao)(yao)(cang)慢Q(ben)涂(cang)薄而致(lu)密。(yong)工过E中Q(ben)由于电沉积旉(duo)(rou)(rou)电能{(chen)成(yao)(yao)(yao)热能Q(ben)(han)@(dui)(dui)系l内(qiang)(lian)械摩擦产生(duo)热量Q(ben)(han)D(lu)槽(jie)(wei)度(juan)升。一(cun)般漆液(cha)(fu)度控(rou)(rou)在20(de)?6℃?/span>

2.5涂料的固体(qin)

()(())|(chao)原漆(sha)(sha)(fei)固(chan)(chan)(huan)(huan)分(ke)(juan)般ؓ(fu)40(de)?0%左右(zhong)Q(ben)(ben)施工时(lu)Q(ben)(ben)(yue)()(())高U水(hao)涂(tong)料固(chan)(chan)(huan)(huan)分(ke)()制(bu)?%(de)?%(mo)固(chan)(chan)(huan)(huan)䆾(huan)含量()q(ma)高Q(ben)(ben)漆(sha)(sha)液黏度大Q(ben)(ben)泳(chao)透力降低Q(ben)(ben)(chu)渗(he)不好，(ren)(ren)(ren)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)膜(wan)_糙Q(ben)(ben)(yue)着力(si)(si)(fan)Q(ben)(ben)(si)(si)(chan)(chan)(huan)(huan)䆾(huan)含量()(huan)(huan)，(ren)(ren)(ren)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)液(dong)()(())(dian)大，(ren)(ren)(ren)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)膜(wan)q(ma)(cong)Q(ben)(ben)漆(sha)(sha)膜的(qing)遮盖力不好，(ren)(ren)(ren)涂料(fei)稳(yue)(dong)差(fan)Q(ben)(ben)(han)果(weng)(zha)(zhen)压，(ren)(ren)(ren)()(())解(hong)应加剧Q(ben)(ben)(chu)沉积效果差，(ren)(ren)(ren)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)膜(wan)(yue)Ҏ产生针孔(pao)和桔(fei)等~(ke)(hong)(mo)在()(())|(chao)涂漆(sha)(sha)q(ma)程(juan)，(ren)(ren)(ren)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)液(dong)(fei)固(chan)(chan)(huan)(huan)䆾(huan)含量()(juan)(cao)被消(yao)(la)(ren)(ren)(ren)必须(yue)(dong)(lu)补充原漆(sha)(sha)(mo)原(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(pang)(qing)补充应()据原(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(pang)(qing)品种(mo)性质(hong)工件Ş状和工艺条g{(jiang)而(han)(mo)配制漆(sha)(sha)液(ceng)般可按下面公(liao)进行()(la)(xi)

(e)漆量WQ(ben)A×B/C

(liao)中Q(ben)AQ(ben)K计用水稀(mian)漆液(hao)重(L)Q(ben)?/span>

BQ(ben)K计用水释后漆(ji)Z(xi)?Q(ben)?Q(ben)?/span>

CQ(kua)漆的(qing)Z?Q?Q?/span>

WQ(kua)漆量()Q即需加入原漆(sha)?kg)?/span>

2.6(suo)(suo)漆(fei)P(kai)H|(she)(she)电(ping)(chong)E中Q(ben)(ben)(chu)于带(fu)负电(fei)(juan)脂离子涂(tong)(tong)于工件被带走(dan)Q(ben)(ben)同(zu)Ӟ(ren)(ren)(ren)()׃()解作用(ke)Q(ben)(ben)(yue)(man)极不(zhen)断()胺(er)((pin)?Q(ben)(ben)漆(suo)(suo)的(qing)(qing)pH值就(kun)步(juan)(juan)升Q(ben)(ben)(chu)(ping)x(tong)(tong)(jie)的(qing)(qing)PH值(jian)(wu)()媄(jiang)(yu)(cao)(suo)(suo)的(qing)(qing)E_(chong)(hao)。p(bei)HD高时(lu)(lu)Q(ben)(ben)漆(suo)(suo)的(qing)(qing)(jiao)(qi)M降，(ren)(ren)(ren)(ping)透力(qian)降低Q(ben)(ben)新沉积(fei)(juan)膜会溶解Q(ben)(ben)ƈ(gou)易(qin)现针孔、表面粗(xi)p(fei)(fei)(zan)(li)~陷(zhu)Q(ben)(ben)p(tian)H值偏低(zhi)(lu)(lu)Q(ben)(ben)漆(suo)(suo)稳定性差Q(ben)(ben)漆(suo)(suo)的(qing)(qing)(pin)(cun)(hao)下降，(ren)(ren)(ren)()|(jie)膜层粗(xi)p(fei)(fei)，(ren)(ren)(ren)(juan)(juan)重(dun)(zu)出现桔(fei)，(ren)(ren)(ren)(juan)(juan)重(dun)(she)(she)媄(jiang)(yu)了(jian)表面(kui)(fei)^整度及漆膜的(qing)(qing)防(cha)(hao)能Q(ben)(ben)(wu)重(cao)(lu)(lu)会()凝l现象，(ren)(ren)(ren)(yao)(wu)(jie)液(dong)变(zhan)Q(ben)(ben)(chu)x(ping)电(ping)뀂p(bei)H值通常()制(she)(she)?.8?.2之间?/span>

2.7漆液电(dian)率：被涂(tong)(jian)g从前一道(qin)(qian)带(fu)入电x杂(lu)离子等引v(dao)涂料(dou)电(dian)率的(qing)下降Q(chu)导率()控制在l300?00μs/cmQ每天检?ơ。测(gai)量方(nan)法是取样加热?5℃，用电导率()仪测(gai)量(gai)?/span>

2.7.1()(dian)率(hui)Q(ben)(shen)(cang)粗(xi)p，(ren)(ren)出(hong)桔(qi)(xiao)Q(ben)附着力差(fan)Q(ben)()腐蚀性降低(yi)(shi)因(chuo)(shou)质d(dao)(fei)(juan)؜人(hong)(hong)(da)(jie)(xuan)新、变(kuang)(lu)酸(lu)引(bi)L(shu)导(jian)()(())升(hui)采取(fei)(juan)施(jie)增加率()(())旉Q(ben)(shen)o(hu)出(hong)(hong)(lu)离子，(ren)(ren)补充q子(qi)(()(dian)率不过10μsQ(ben)cm)。在理q程中(da)(jie)温度控制在一定范围内(qiang)Q(ben)(shen)(suo)更新(ban)(yu)不(qiang)q?个月?/span>

2.7.2()导率(cong)低(bu)导(jian)性差Q漆(cang)(he)。原(qie)是()|涂料沉淀(wen)q多Q@(jing)环搅拌不(lian)采取(jian)()施是检查搅

2.7.3(huan)环pȝ(bai)保(se)(shi)(shu)常Q如有故(wen)应及时l修(kai)。每天检查@(jing)环系(chen)l．保(hui)(wei)正常运行，(huan)环pȝ(bai)要保?4h(wei)天q行Q防(gui)(shu)沉(meng)淀?/span>

2.8(chen)(chen)g(huan)与阴极(xing)(nie)距离Q(ben)(ben)(yun)近Q(ben)(ben)(shen)(meng)U效(dui)(hui)。(bei)距离q(cong)Q(ben)(ben)(wu)(wu)(xi)(huan)(huan)(kua)(cang)太(zha)(yun)(wu)(wu)生(jian)挂、(gui)(fei)等(li)弊病。(bei)(lei)距M(huan)(huan)于25cm。阳极与阴极面积之比控制(she)l?.7为好。若阴极面积q小(he)Q(ben)(ben)(chu)(shu)(xian)(huo)度较(chan)，析氢(a)量增(e)，(qian)响涂膜质量Q(ben)(ben)(han)(chan)型(yi)(yao)(han)Ş状(duo)杂的(chen)(chen)g(huan)Q(ben)(ben)(han)(fu)现(chan)部(rang)(chen)(chen)沉(meng)U很(zha)涂(cang)，(yao)(han)(ting)涂(cang)仍(cha)(tai)(zu)Ӟ应(you)()距离阴极(cha)(tai)(fei)(dan)(rang)(huan)(huan)，(li)加(cha)助阴极?/span>

2.9溶剂(qiang)Q(ben)电(shu)x(juan)除(guang)用水作溶(han)剂(xiao)(xiao)Q(ben)还(e)入适(suo)的有机溶(han)剂作(e)溶(han)剂，(ren)它可以改q(lei)脂(yao)(pin)(cun)(han)性及改善漆膜的表面状(yan)态(guang)(ren)常(ge)的溶(han)剂(yong)API{(jiang)(xiong)cR(yong)(han)剂(xiao)(xiao)适(suo)(mo)(mo)过(beng)多(fan)(ren)漆液变؜，(ren)泳透力降(zhan)Q(ben)漆膜发_，(ren)易()(bei)裂；溶剂(qiang)q少Q(ben)漆液的(pin)(cun)(han)性降低，(ren)漆液(juan)(qu)定(fan)(ren)漆膜_糙(keng)Q(ben)不(juan)满Q(ben)ƈ可能(shi)(bang)生(pin)和桔皮等现象(mo)(mo)?/span>

2.10热水烫洗Q一(cun)般的(lu)法(chen)其主要作(hu)()是(yi)(pin)化膜微孔(you)于半(hao)闭状(duo)，除此外其()(yue)际(huan)用q有通过热水z(pin)化膜膨胀Q把(pin)化膜孔中残留酸挤出?/span>

2.10.1(yan)残(hua)留的宛_(chong)Q?/span>

①漆膜耐酸耐(yao)性变(kuang)差；

②电(shu)x(ji)(ju)(jiang)一D|间后(hao)׃使漆(cang)爆出，(ren)(bang)生(cong)多腐蚀(liao)，(ren)(qian)响()|材()性能和(han)观(san)?/span>

2.10.2(jie)水z(wa)的(xia)求Q?/span>

(yi)温度在()70-80(lu)，高于85(lu)(xie)Q易(bang)生热水(an)闭(fei)效果(jie)(jie)膜(fei)附(tao)着(e)下降(bo)

②PH?.5Q(ben)?/span>

③电(fen)率?0μs/cmQ?/span>

2.11U水(an)z：把附(tao)着在型材表面的D留酸(gao)q净?/span>

热(an)z(wo)要(gui)(die)Q(ben)P(yin)H?.5Q(ben)电导率()?0μs/cm

2.12甉|(dian)液精(bu)制处(nou)（d交换(chan)理(zhe)Q?/span>

2.12.1q(du)涂装(zu)Ӟ随着涂料(dou)(juan)的游(fu)，PH也上()升，q(duo)(yi)(qie)带(wei)了前处理工E的(qing)(juan)净(jian)（酸根等Q，涂料(dou)会随着劣化(mo)须采用(fu)d(dao)交换来除去阳(fu)d(dao)成分Q胺(mo)金属离子）和阴(fu)d(dao)SO42成分(mo)?/span>

2.12.2d交换树脂Q?/span>

阴离子型(luo)脂Q(ben)(ben)(ben)强(pi)型Q(ben)(ben)(ben)DIAIONSA-10APQ(ben)(ben)(ben)ED液总量()?/80

(qu)离子型(luo)(kui)Q强酸型QW(dang)K-40Q阴d(luo)(kui)?/3

2.12.3(fu)d(bang)换(huang)(chan)理Q?/span>

2.12.3.1甉|q(yun)中胺度过理(luo)围时(duo)(yu)行离子(yun)换，通常原则上是(yi)(qu)_(qu)离?/span>

2.12.3.2但在()下述场合q(ma)行(qu)离子单独液?/span>

①加热残分()胺(hong)度在(geng)理(zhe)范围内，()导度超(he)q(ma)管理范围(cui)(yao)：

②硫酸根?5PPM(xi)上Ӟ

③外观(xiao)(fa)生异(shu)常时?/span>

2.13通液

2.13.1按规E操(chen)?/span>

2.13.2通液?/span>

阴离子(huang)液(qian)ؓ甉|液量?/2Q通常(fu)需(xia)?时Q阴(fu)d交换后PH|电导率没有变(chen)时Q说明离子交(hai)(rong)树(wei)脂能力(yun)(huan)(bu)(qian)(you)(gan)止(jiao)用?/span>

阳(chong)子交(hai)换和阴离子是一LQPHq低旉(duo)(duo)(yun)拖(yi)g启动Q(chu)(ji)短通液旉(duo)(duo)(nie)Q或通(yun)树脂(gang)再(qu)Q恢(jia)复功(tong)效?/span>

2.13.3M(hui)交换树脂再生

阴(cun)子交(hai)换树脂再生NaOH100g/1—RQ(ben)?/span>

阳(chong)子交(hai)换树(xi)再生：HCL50g/1—RQ?/span>

再生剂()QNaOHHCLQ(jiao)前(qian)确认其(qin)和体U?/span>

2.14水洗漆液回(yang)QROQ：

2.14.1道水z（RO1Q(duo)

(wei)度Q室(wei)?/span>

PHQ＜8.2~8.6

Z(hong)(xi)(jin)Q?%

电导率：(xi)低于100us/cm

2.14.2W二(lao)道水(an)z（RO2Q：

温度Q?5u3(lu)?/span>

Z份(jin)Q(ben)?.3%

PHQ(ben)?.4~8.8

电导率(jun)低于50us/cm

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